Coffee Plant Care Guide
Caring for a coffee plant (Coffea arabica or Coffea canephora) involves creating conditions similar to its natural tropical habitat. Here's a comprehensive guide:
Light Requirements
- Coffee plants thrive in bright, indirect light.
- Avoid direct sunlight, as it can scorch the leaves.
- They can tolerate some shade, making them suitable for indoor environments near east- or north-facing windows.
Temperature and Humidity
- Maintain temperatures between 60–75°F (15–24°C).
- Protect the plant from drafts, sudden temperature changes, and frost.
- High humidity (50–80%) is ideal. Use a humidity tray or a room humidifier in dry climates.
Watering
- Water the plant when the top inch of soil feels dry, typically once a week.
- Keep the soil consistently moist but avoid waterlogging, which can lead to root rot.
- Reduce watering slightly during winter when growth slows.
Soil
- Use well-draining, slightly acidic soil with a pH of 6–6.5.
- A mix of potting soil with peat moss or perlite works well.
Fertilizing
- Feed the plant with a balanced liquid fertilizer every 4–6 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer).
- Reduce feeding during fall and winter.
Pruning
- Prune as needed to maintain shape and size, especially if grown indoors.
- Remove dead or yellowing leaves to encourage healthy growth.
Repotting
- Repot every 2–3 years or when the roots outgrow the pot. Choose a pot one size larger to avoid overwatering.
Pests and Problems
- Watch for pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and aphids. Treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Yellowing leaves may indicate overwatering, while brown edges could mean low humidity.
With proper care, coffee plants can grow up to 6 feet indoors and may even produce flowers and coffee cherries!